Science: Oct 7, 2011

Astronomers observed the gamma ray emissions from the Crab Pulsar is much higher energies than expected.

This challenges notions of how these powerful electromagnetic radiation - like light, but a lot more energetic - are formed, scientists recommend Science.

They found gigaelectronvolts emissions by more than 100 - 100 billion times more energetic than visible light.

Crab Nebula, which organizes the pulsar continues to amaze astronomers, despite the fact that one of the sites studied.

Remnant of a supernova, lighting up the sky in 1054, it has been taken today to be a constant source of light - so persistent that the calibration of the telescopes were trained.

But earlier this year, the crab was spotted emit gamma-ray flares, astronomers are mixed.

Crab Pulsar is located within the nebula - the tiny, rapidly spinning neutron star that sprays a very energetic electromagnetic radiation through your posts as a beacon beam, sweeping past the Earth 30 times per second.

Massive pulsar's magnetic field is known, in order to collect particles and accelerate them up - much like the process of particle accelerators here on Earth.

As these particles move in a curved path, they emit gamma rays that can be measured.
Models redesign

The new finding complicates the story further, because the more steady beat pulsar emissions seems to contain higher energies than was ever expected.
Continue reading the main story
What is the electron?
Simulation of particle interactions (SPL)

Electric field accelerates charged particles tend to have defined the electric potential - and voltage - spread over a distance
One electron (eV) of energy is derived from a single electron as it accelerates through the potential of one volt
It is convenient to measure particle accelerator, which speeds up the particles of much higher electric potentials
Large Hadron Collider, for example, can accelerate particles to energy in several trillion electronvolts (Tev)
It's still only the flow of energy flying mosquito

Current models of this process to put the upper limit on how energetic the photons can be.

But Nepomuk Otte of California, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics said that, due to the Fermi Space Telescope may be recommended to the surprise of the Crab Pulsar.

Fermi only measures gamma rays of energy up to 20 gigaelectronvolts (Gev), but there were hints pulsar data can be more energetic particles, which had not been caught.

"If you were optimistic and said to myself" it is also possible that these data should be more than 100 Gev emissions ", the answer was clearly yes ... although models were not expecting that," said Dr. Otte Science podcast.

So Dr. Otte and his colleagues turned to the Arizona, US-based Radiation Imaging Telescope Array very energetic System (VERITAS), which can be measured much higher energies, and trained in this pulsar.

They noticed the energies of gamma rays is far above 100 Gev, and there were more clues that could be teraelectronvolt rays, which makes them virtually equalize the particle energy, the Large Hadron Collider.

"They are much, much higher energies than previously thought may come pulsar," said Dr. Otte.

He said that there is something missing from our models of "cosmic particle accelerator", which produce gamma rays, they must arise from well beyond the pulsar magnetic fields.

"This is a very radical change in the image of how we believe in gamma-ray emission from the pulsar," he said.

Science

Friday, October 7, 2011

Crab Pulsar's high-energy beam surprises astronomers

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